The British Isles
New words:
1.consist of, be made up of, include包含,包括,由….組成
1)consist of -- 不用進(jìn)行式,無被動式no pass.
= be made up of
The book consists of ten parts. 本書共十章.
is consisted of ×
is consisting of ×
The city of New York consists of five boroughs.
紐約有五個行政區(qū).
North America consists of the United States, Canada, and Mexico.(=these are all the parts that make it up)北美包括美國,加拿大和墨西哥.(他們是構(gòu)成北美的所有部分.
2) include
The United States includes Alaska and Hawaii.(= these are two of the states that make up the United States)美國包括阿拉斯加和夏威夷.(他們是組成美國各州的兩個州)
2.form vt. vi.1）形成，組成，構(gòu)成，養(yǎng)成
form the habit of
form a sentence
A plan began to form in his mind.
School helps to form a child’s character.(比喻)上學(xué)可以幫助培養(yǎng)孩子的品德。
2)form …from由…構(gòu)成,由…組成.
form … into組成,排成,分成,做成
She formed a clay into a bowl.
She formed a bowl from the clay.
3)form up排好隊伍
Form up in line.
3.general adj.1)普遍的，公眾的，普通的
It’s a matter of general interest.
The cold weather has been general.
2)一般的，大致的
get a general idea獲得大意
Give me a general idea of the work.
as a general rule一般說來
general knowledge常識，人所共知的事
in general一般說來，總的說來
Women in general like to shop for new clothes.
3) generally adv.
generally speaking
Generally speaking, women live longer than men.
4.influence n. 1)影響 [u],表某種影響可作[c]
have influence over/ with/ on/ upon
A teacher has great influence over his pupils.
He had great influence with the miners.
2)a person with this power有影響的人
He is a good / bad influence on my daughter.
他對我女兒是一個有好/壞影響的人.
under the influence of在(人,東西).. 的影響下
3) v.影響,感化
Don’t let me influence your decision.
What influenced you to do it?
5.basis/ bases(復(fù))基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)
What’s the basis of/ for your opinion? 你的看法的根據(jù)是什么?
base n.基礎(chǔ),底部
base sth. on sth.
be based on根據(jù)
The text is based on the novel written by Luxun.
be taken from摘自于
The text is taken from the play written by Shakespeare.
be set in以…為背景
The film is set in a small village.
6.judge v.
1)judge by 以…來判斷，從…來看
Don’t judge a man by his looks.
judged by…
Judged by the ordinary standards, he was reliable.
2)judge from從…來看, 根據(jù)…可以看出
Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.
Judging from the number of caars, he thought, there were not many people at the club yet.
3)認(rèn)為,估計vt.
a. 跟不定式的復(fù)合賓語(多和to be 連用)
I judge him to be loyal.
I judged them to have finished.
He judged time to be about noon.
b. 跟帶形容詞或名詞的復(fù)合賓語:
He judges it safer to go away than to stay.
c. 跟從句
I judged that you had forgotten to come.
7.1)own v.
a.擁有,占有,是…的主人have, possess
Mr. North owns that company.
b.承認(rèn)vt.
I own I was weak.
I own that I may have made mistakes.
2)adj. 自己的
I saw it with my own eyes.
They had given their lives to save children not their own.
3)n.屬于自己的東西(人)
This house is my own.
I only borrow it , it is not my own.
*of one’s own 自己的
I wish I had a little lab of my own.
I want a book of my own.
*on one’s own
a.(作狀語)獨自,靠自己的力量
He got the job on his own.
You came to London on your own?
b.(作表語)靠自己(生活),獨自一人
He likes to be on his own.
8.employ
9.namely adv. 那就是,這就是說 that is,
Only one person can do the job, namely you.
Only one boy was absent, namely Harry.
There are three colors in the British flag, namely red, white and blue.
10.approach .
1) 走進(jìn),接近,快到
A boy of eighteen is approaching manhood.
As people approach old age their energy may diminish.
As winter approached the weather became colder.
The time is approaching when we must leave.
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