廣東省深圳市寶安中學(xué) 趙國(guó)強(qiáng)(518101)

average

adj. 平均的，一般的，通常的

the average age of the boys這些男孩子的平均年齡

What is the average rainfall for August in your country?你們國(guó)家八月份的平均降雨量是多少?

普通的，平常的，水平一般的

men of average ability/the average men能力一般的人

students of average intelligence普通智力的學(xué)生

n. 平均,平均數(shù)

The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24.

4、8和60的平均數(shù)是24。

on an/ the average平均，按平均數(shù)計(jì)算； 一般地說(shuō)

above the average在平均數(shù)以上；中上

be well up to the average/ be quite up to the average完全達(dá)到一般水平

below the average在一般水平以下，中下；在平均數(shù)以下

refer vi.(-red; -ring; 其后跟介詞to)

1) 查閱，求教，求助于

refer to sb. for information向某人打聽(tīng)消息

He referred to his notes now and then when he was speaking.他發(fā)言時(shí)不時(shí)地看稿子。

2) 提到，說(shuō)到

Please refer to the facts of history請(qǐng)?zhí)峒耙幌率穼?shí)。

He often referred to his past experiences as a miner.他經(jīng)常談起他當(dāng)?shù)V工地經(jīng)歷。

3) 涉及；適用于

What I have to say refers to all of you.我要說(shuō)的話(huà)涉及到你們大家。

The regulations refer only to children.這些規(guī)定僅適用于小孩。

4）refer to sb. [sth.] as稱(chēng)某人[物]為

She heard them refer to him as “Big Brother”.她聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們管他叫“大哥”。

vt.（賓語(yǔ)后仍然跟to）使（人）找；叫人查閱[詢(xún)]，參看

refer a question to an expert把問(wèn)題提交給專(zhuān)家(處理)；refer sb. to the dictionary叫某人去查字典

The teacher referred him to Chapter V.老師叫他看第五章。

The visitors are referred to the information desk.讓來(lái)訪(fǎng)者到問(wèn)事處去。

He referred his success to the good teaching he had had.他把他的成功歸于他以前所受的良好教育。

generally speaking（adv. 總的來(lái)說(shuō),一般而言）該短語(yǔ)屬固定表達(dá)，不受人稱(chēng)等其它條件地限制。

Generally speaking, women love children better than men do.大體上，女人比男人更愛(ài)孩子。

類(lèi)似說(shuō)法還有：

strictly speaking嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)

broadly speaking泛泛地說(shuō)，一般地說(shuō)

frankly speaking坦率地說(shuō)，老實(shí)說(shuō)

personally speaking就個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，就自己而言

properly speaking確切地說(shuō)

roughly speaking粗略地說(shuō)來(lái)

本文曾發(fā)表于《學(xué)生雙語(yǔ)報(bào)》高二版2004年第10期